
The second segment of the Institute of Culinary Education's six-part Wine Essentials course took us through the Burgundy region of France with a quick diversion to the Rheingau region of Germany. Richard Vayda, the course's charismatic instructor, began with the class with a history of Burgundy, followed by a lesson on quality as it relates to cost and labelling, moved onto French regulations, and finished with a discussion of the eight wines and one distillate we tasted throughout the two-hour session*.
Burgundy is a region of France surrounded by hills housing a patchwork of vineyards with multiple owners. This fragmented system was founded by monks many years ago and was ultimately reapportioned to members of the middle class following the French Revolution. The three varieties of wine produced in Burgundy are chardonnay, gamay, and pinot noir. The more specific information included on a bottle's label, the better the quality and the higher the price. For example, if we moved back to the United States and came across a wine with little more than "American Pinot Noir" written on it's label (although it's more likely to be found in a box as opposed to a bottle), we would know that this particular wine isn't the best quality nor should it drain our wallet. The highest quality and most expensive bottles of wine in the United States include on their label- the state (ex: California), the region or AVA (American Viticultural Area- wine growing regions based on geographic, climate, and soil characteristics; ex: Napa), the sub-AVA (ex: Stag's Leap District), the vineyard (ex: Stag's Leap Vineyards produces The Leap), and finally that it is "Estate Bottled".
As our class moved from the United States back to France, we learned there is no such thing as "European Pinot Noir". Wines are designated by country with the most basic bottle (more likely a jug) of wine including the name of the country (ex: Product of France). If a wine store is charging a premium for a bottle of wine from France, the bottle's label should include the following information- the region or AOC (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlé- defined wine growing regions in France where strict regulations designate methods of growing and production standards, aging requirements, grape-variety, alcohol content, etc.; ex: Appellation Bourgogne Contrôlé), the sub-district (ex: Côte de Nuits), the sub-sub-district (ex: Vosne Romanee), the vineyard (ex: Richebourg), and finally who is making the particular wine on that specific vineyard (the history lesson comes in handy here- remember many of Burgundy's vineyards are owned by multiple families; ex: Gros Frères et Soeur Winery). When the wine bottle is in front of me and there is someone telling me what to look for it all seems easy enough, but I know I will need time to get used to the missing grape- how will I know a gamay (red wine from the Maconnais district or from any area in Burgundy south of the Maconnais district) from a pinot noir (red wine from any other district in Burgundy) if I'm not schooled on the geography of the Burgundy region? It's a disaster waiting to happen!

I found the majority of wines we sampled to be delicious (I can't say the same for the distillate), and while I was able to identify hints of specific berries and oak in the pinot noirs or gamays, I can't say I had as much success with the chardonnays. When the finish of a chardonnay from a top vineyard (a "grand cru") in the Chablis district was described as
water running over fresh stones I felt completely hopeless as I've never stood in a running stream to suck water off a fresh stone. I'm not entirely certain how one goes about finding a fresh stone (what does an unfresh stone look like?), but I will be sure to be on the lookout before next week's session when we move through France and settle in Bourdeaux.
*Wines (and one distillate) in the second class included:
1. Macon Lugny, 'Les Charmes', Cave de Lugny 2007 ($14.00);
2. Saint Romain, Maison Bertrand Ambroise 2005 ($25.00);
3. Chablis, Grand Cru, Blanchot, Domaine Vocoret et Fils 2005 ($45.00);
4. Meursault, Premier Cru, Les Perrieres, Louis Jardot 2006 ($75.00);
5. Fleurie, Georges DeBoeuf 2007 ($14.00);
6. Bourgogne, Pinot Noir, 'Maximum', Laboure Roi 2006 ($18.00);
7. Beaune, Premier Cru, Clos des Mouches, Joseph Drouhin 2006 ($80.00);
8. Rheingau, Pinot Noir, Spatburgunder, Georg Breuer 2005 ($25.00); and
9. Bourgogne, Marc Tres Vieux de Bourgogne des Dames Huguette, Joseph Cartron, NV ($25.00).